Several terms related to the arc

Welding voltage (arc voltage): corresponds to the agreed voltage during the actual measurement of the welding machine, which is the voltage drop at both ends of the arc (between the two poles or between the electrode and the workpiece), including cathode voltage drop, pole voltage drop and arc column voltage drop.

Welding current: the current flowing through the welding circuit during welding.

Arc starting voltage: the voltage that can ignite the arc.

Molten pool: the liquid metal part with a certain geometric shape formed on the weld under the action of the welding heat source during welding.

Arc pit: the low-lying part of the metal formed at the end of the weld due to improper operation when breaking or extinguishing the arc during arc welding.

Arc stability: the degree to which the arc maintains stable burning (without arc breaking, drifting and magnetic blow, etc.).

Arc stiffness: the degree to which the arc is straightened along the electrode axis under the action of thermal contraction and magnetic contraction.

Arc force: the mechanical force of the welding arc on the molten droplet, molten pool and parent material surface.

Arc blow: the phenomenon that the arc center deviates from the electrode axis due to the interference of airflow, the effect of magnetic field or the influence of electrode eccentricity during welding.

Magnetic blow: arc blow caused by the electromagnetic force or magnetic field generated by the welding circuit during DC arc welding.

Droplet: the liquid metal drop formed at the end of the electrode (or wire) and transitioned to the molten pool during arc welding.

Droplet transition: the process of the molten droplet transferring to the molten pool through the arc space. There are coarse droplet transition, short circuit transition, spray transition, etc.

Polarity: the connection method between the weldment and the positive and negative poles of the power supply output terminal during DC arc welding or arc cutting. There are two types: positive connection and reverse connection.