What welders need to know3

1. Welder's Position and Welding Posture

As the saying goes, "Stand properly and sit properly." Of course, welders must maintain the correct position and welding posture when welding. A correct position and welding posture not only helps welders complete welding tasks more efficiently, but also effectively prevents burns and protects joints, the lumbar spine, and the cervical spine from injury.

A correct position generally requires welders to choose a suitable position based on the spatial location of the weld. When positioning, consider the effective function of various body parts, such as the distance between the glasses and the weld and whether it affects wrist movement.

Welding posture is also very important. A correct welding posture ensures that all body parts are fully utilized during welding, minimizing physical exertion, preventing burns, maintaining good vision, and making the welder's operation more relaxed.

This requires welders to abandon the "makeshift" mentality when welding on-site, both subjectively and objectively. They should take it seriously, carefully analyze, and repeatedly experiment. Over time, they will gain more experience with the correct welding posture. Objectively, they must also proactively eliminate factors that may contribute to incorrect welding posture.

2. Understanding the Molten Pool Principle

A beautiful, high-quality weld is achieved by the welder controlling the weld pool according to the process chart and using appropriate skills. This requires welders to fully understand the weld pool temperature field and arc transition principles.

Typically, the weld pool temperature is highest at the center, where the molten iron is fluid, and gradually decreases toward the sides and rear. Based on this principle, the changes in the weld pool temperature field indicate that the arc weld pool is also moving, following a 1-2-3-4-N pattern.

Because the arc frequently passes through the center of the weld pool, where the heat is highest, the molten iron appears thinner. If the arc moves at a constant speed of 1-2-3-4-N, the weld will bulge in the center while being less full on the sides, resulting in defects such as excessive weld height and undercutting.

Based on this principle, manual welders must avoid uniform arc movement across the weld. They generally pause at both ends of the weld and quickly transition in the middle to balance the heat in the weld pool, thereby maintaining a high-quality weld and aesthetically pleasing appearance.