Causes of CO₂ welding spatter

CO₂ welding spatter is mainly caused by the following reasons:

1. Metallurgical Reaction Spatter

CO₂ decomposes at the high temperature of the electric arc, reacting with carbon in the molten droplet to generate CO gas. The gas expands and breaks through the surface of the molten droplet, forming explosive spatter.

2. Spot Pressure Spatter

When DC is positively charged, positive ions collide with the molten droplet, generating mechanical impact force, causing the droplet to break and spatter.

3. Short-Circuit Transition Spatter

When the molten droplet is short-circuited with the molten pool, the sudden increase in current triggers electromagnetic contraction force, causing the liquid bridge to explode and generate spatter.

4. Non-Axial Transition Spatter

The molten droplet deviates from the axis under the action of the arc force and is thrown outside the molten pool, forming spatter.

5. Spatter Due to Improper Parameters

Mismatched parameters such as current, voltage, and inductance (e.g., current in the high spatter range of 150-300A) will exacerbate spatter.