Examples of weld metal

Weld metal is the metallic material formed by the solidification of molten base metal and filler metal during the welding process. Its composition and properties directly affect weld quality. Depending on the welding method, weld metal can be formed through techniques such as fusion welding, pressure welding, or brazing.

The composition of weld metal includes base metal and filler metal, with the area consisting entirely of filler metal called deposited metal. Welding process parameters such as weld width, weld depth, and reinforcement height (shape and dimensional parameters), as well as the form factor (the ratio of weld width to weld depth), have a significant impact on weld strength and defect rate.

During the welding process, the weld composition can be adjusted by controlling the fusion ratio (the proportion of base metal to filler metal melted together), thereby optimizing its mechanical properties. The mechanical properties of weld metal are usually no less than those of the base metal; this is achieved through the alloying effect of the welding material.

Examples of weld metal include:

The fish-scale weld formed by the fish-scale welding process is considered one of the most advanced welding technologies in the world.

Laser welding of thin copper sheets produces strong, smooth welds free of defects such as porosity and cracks.

Laser welding of electrical power equipment results in weld defects such as incomplete penetration and lack of fusion due to poor welding process control.